Hi,
Using your setup try pulling the 10 Lb ON THE END OF THE CABLE not the lever - then I predict (with the certainty of Archimedes ) that the SUM of the pull on as many spring scales you care to attach to the other end of the cable will also be 10 Lb.
Now do the same thing but this time pull on the lever with the spring attached to the lever close to the pivot point - You will get more than 10Lb total, but not much more; Now move the spring attached to the very end of the hand lever and again apply a 10 Lb pull - this time, as a result ONLY of the leverage from the hand lever, the total pull at the other end will be much more than 10 LB ., though the lever will travel a much greater distance.
Nothing to do with balance beams!
The earliest remaining writings regarding levers date from the 3rd century BC and were provided by
Archimedes. '
Give me a place to stand, and I shall move the Earth with it' is a remark of Archimedes who formally stated the correct mathematical principle of levers (quoted by
Pappus of Alexandria).
Baaa